This learning video introduces students to the world of Fractal Geometry through the use of difference equations. As a prerequisite to this lesson, students would need two years of high school algebra (comfort with single variable equations) and motivation to learn basic complex arithmetic. Ms. Zager has included a complete introductory tutorial on complex arithmetic with homework assignments downloadable here. Also downloadable are some supplemental challenge problems. Time required to complete the core lesson is approximately one hour, and materials needed include a blackboard/whiteboard as well as space for students to work in small groups. During the in-class portions of this interactive lesson, students will brainstorm on the outcome of the chaos game and practice calculating trajectories of different equations.

During the early days of the coronavirus pandemic, we all made sacrifices to slow the spread of the virus and to flatten the curve of infections.The curve itself appears in the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model – a simple epidemiological model that explains some of the basic dynamics of infectious disease. Curve-flattening effects of mitigation measures such as social distancing, mask wearing, and hand washing can be seen in the dynamics of the SIR model as can the phenomenon of herd-immunity.In this activity, students are encouraged to derive the SIR model from scratch and to explore dynamical features of the model such as curve flattening and herd immunity.These resources were created by Dr. Robert Kipka of Lake Superior State University. They are intended for high school students and teachers. Calculus or familiarity with families of functions such as logarithms is not required. However, in spite of the relatively modest mathematical background called for, this activity may be challenging.It may help to complete the Three Weeks in March activity before beginning.

Three Weeks in March is a data-driven approach to modeling the spread of coronavirus cases in the United States.In this activity, students will use a difference equation to model day-to-day changes in the known cases of coronavirus within U.S. borders, as reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, during the first three weeks of March, 2020. The solution to this difference equation is an exponential model. The activity can serve as an introduction to exponential models.The main goals of this activity are to:Learn the idea of difference equation;Model exponential growth using a difference equation;Simulate exponential growth and estimate a parameter value using software.These resources were created by Dr. Rob Kipka of Lake Superior State University.